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1 Independant on Sunday, 12 November 1995. A report by Geoffrey Lean inside carried the headline 'The food runs out: The world's cupboard is bare: Even Europe's grain mountain has vanished'.    Back to main text

2 P. Olsson. The statistics were quoted by the Industry Council for Packaging and the Environment (Incpen) in its report Packaging Saves Energy (1991).    Back to main text

3 Green Fields, Grey Future: The EC Agriculture Policy at the crossroads (Greenpeace: Amsterdam 1992)  Back to main text

4 K. Blaxter, Energy Use in Farming and its Cost, Oxford Farming Conference, 1978.  Back to main text

5 See The Food Miles Report (SAFE Alliance, 38 Ebery Street, London SW1 OLU, September 1994).  Back to main text

6 Blaxter (op. cit.) estimated that 28 per cent of UK energy was used to grow, process and distribute food.  Back to main text

7 Richard Body, Our Food, Our Land: Why Contemporary Farming Practices Must Change  Back to main text

8 C. Arden-Clarke and R. Hodges, 'The environmental effect of conventional and organic/biological farming systems', Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, vol 5 (1988), no.3, pp. 223-287, cited in Greenpeace, Green Fields, Grey Future.   Back to main text

9 Interview with Dr K.G. Cassman,International Rice Research Institute, 1994.  Back to main text

10 University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1990. A British edition was published the same year by Lutterworth under the title The Threatened Gene: Food, Policies and the Loss od Genetic Diversity.   Back to main text

11 J. Harlan, 'Seed Crops', in Frankel and Hawkes, Resources for Today and Tomorrow, cited in Fowler and Mooney, Shattering.  Back to main text

12 Quoted in the Ecologist, vol. 25, no. 5   Back to main text

13 Telephone conversation, 1995. Murphy's account of his cabbage collecting is on pp. 119-130 of the final report of the EC research programme, The Collection of Land-Races of Cruciferous Crops in EC Countries by Q. Van der Meer et al., Wageningen, 1984.  Back to main text

14 Telephone conversation.  Back to main text

15 E-mailed document from UK Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, October 2002. (CW)  Back to main text

16 Kay Fennel, The Seed Scandal (Socialist Countryside Group, Sevenoaks, 1987).  Back to main text

17 The Apple in Ireland: Its History and Varieties (RDS: Dublin 1951).  Back to main text

18 Introduction to a leaflet, The Native Irish Apple Project (Irish Seed Savers 1995).  Back to main text

19 Common Ground, July-August 1993.  Back to main text

20 Telephone interview.  Back to main text

21 Telephone interview.  Back to main text

22 Telephone conversation, 1996.  Back to main text

23 Economist, 10 August 1991.  Back to main text

24 Letter, 23 January 1995.  Back to main text

25 Cary Fowler, Report on Grassroots Conservation Efforts, US Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, 1985, cited in Fowler and Mooney, Shattering.   Back to main text

26 Qouted by Henry Hobhouse, Seeds of Change (Macmillan: London 1992). I have also drawn material on the Great Famine from Austin Bourke, The Visitation of God: the Potato and the Great Irish Famine (Lilliput: Dublin 1993).  Back to main text

27 See above.  Back to main text

28 Irish Times, 3 May 1994 and 10 February 1995.  Back to main text

29 Cited by Leo Curran in Kerry and the Dexter Cattle (RDS: Dublin 1989).  Back to main text

30 Keith Chivers, History with a Future: Harnessing the Heavy Horse for the Twenty-First Century (Shire Horse Society: Peterborough 1988).  Back to main text

31 Reported in Heavy Horse World, vol. 5, no. 2, summer 1991.   Back to main text

32 Adapted from Jules Pretty, Regenerating Agriculture (Earthscan: London 1995).  Back to main text

33 A. Vine and D. Bateman, Organic Farming Systems in England and Wales (Department of Agricultural Economics, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth 1981), cited in Greenpeace, Green Fields, Grey Future.   Back to main text

34 E. Böckenhoff et al., Berichte über Landwirtschaft, 64 (1986), 1, pp. 1-39, cited by Greenpeace, Green Fields, Grey Future.  Back to main text

35 Profitability of Four Sustainable Farms in Minnesota, 1994 (Land Stewardship Project, PO Box 130, 180 E. main Street, Lewiston, Minnesota 55952; tel +1 507 5233366).  Back to main text

36 Alternative Agriculture (National Research Council: Washington 1989), p.39.  Back to main text

37 Earthscan, London, 1995.   Back to main text

38 'Organic Farmers higher in sperm than other men', Irish Times, 10 June 1994.   Back to main text

39 Nutritional Values in Crops and Plants (Faber: London 1965).  Back to main text

40 David Pimental et al., 'Environmental and Economic Costs of Pesticide Use', Bioscience 42 (10), 1992, pp. 750-60. All such estimates are flawed because they cannot be made without putting a price on the priceless.  Back to main text

41 Hugh Raven, Tim Lang, and Caroline Dumonteil, Off our Trollies: Food Retailing and the Hypermarket Economy (Institute for Public Policy Research: London n.d.).  Back to main text

42 B. Norman, 'Making the Grade', New Farmer and Grower, no. 26 (spring 1990).  Back to main text

43 'Getting the most from our resources', Economic Development Review, vol. 10, no. 3, summer 1992.  Back to main text

44 Published by the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, 2425 18th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-2096. See also the pamphlet Rural Development, Biorefineries and the Carbohydrate Economy by the same authors, published by the ILSR in September 1993.   Back to main text

45 10 October 1994.  Back to main text

46 Off Our Trollies, p. 31.  Back to main text

47 Business and Finance, Dublin, 27 August 1992.  Back to main text

48 Peter Goering, Helena Norberg-Hodge, and John Page, From the Ground UP: Rethinking Industrial Agriculture (Zed Books: London 1993).  Back to main text

49 Greenpeace, Green Fields, Grey Future.  Back to main text

50 M. Jörgenson et al., cited by Greenpeace, Green Fields, Grey Future.  Back to main text

51 Interview, November 1993.  Back to main text

52 Floris Books, Edinburgh, 1994.  Back to main text

53 Christina Groh, 'Community-supported agriculture: a new approach to marketing', New Farmer and Grower, spring 1991.  Back to main text

54 Trauger Groh tells the story of the Temple-Wilton farm in his book Farms of the Future (Biodynamic Farming and Gardening Association: Kimberton, Pennsylvania 1990), written with Steven McFadden.  Back to main text

55 Telephone interview.  Back to main text

56 Telephone interview.  Back to main text

57 Land, the Challenge and the Opportunity, March 1993.  Back to main text

58 Available from the E.F. Schumacher Society, Box 76, RD13, Great Barrington, Massachusetts 01230. The essay appears as a chapter in Borsodi's book, Seventeen Problems of Man and Society (Anand: Charotar, India 1968).  Back to main text

59 Telephone interview.  Back to main text

60 Timothy Laird, Community-Supported Agriculture: A Study of an Emerging Agricultural Alternative (Graduate College, University of Vermont 1995).   Back to main text

61 Advertisement, Guardian, 18 March 1995  Back to main text

62 Brenda McNicholas, Communities Under Threat, Kiltimagh, Co. Mayo; tel +353 94 81109.  Back to main text

63 Dublin Food Co-op Newsletter, no. 9 (spring 1993).  Back to main text